| Date | |
| ~ 800BC | Hesiod -- Theogony |
| ~600 BC | Thales of Miletus |
| ~ 550BC | Pythagoras |
| ~ 460BC | Democritus and the atomists. |
| ~ 425BC | Sophocles -- Oedipus Rex |
| ~ 380BC | Plato |
| ~ 384-322BC | Aristotle |
| 310 - 230BC | Aristarchus of Samos |
| 276 - 195BC | Eratosthenes (measurement of the Earth) |
| 160 - 127BC | Hipparchus -- first star catalogue. |
| 96-55BC | Lucretius. |
| ~ 140AD | Ptolemy -- epicycles |
| 2nd century AD | Apuleius -- The Golden Ass. |